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Sample Essay on Obesity in Children
According to statistical results, “in the United States, about 15.7 million people, or 5.9 percent of the population, have diabetes, a disease characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels” . One-third of these are undiagnosed. Type II diabetes is the form that commonly occurs in adulthood, as opposed to type I diabetes, which has its onset in childhood and currently affects about 120,000 children under the age of 20 years. Type II diabetes accounts for 90-95 % of all diagnosed diabetes, and can usually be controlled by special measures including physical activity and diet.
Obesity, especially visceral adiposity, is associated with increased release and higher plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFA) which may trigger a reduction in insulin sensitivity at both the hepatic and the muscular levels. Additional: https://studydaddy.com/question/three-roads-lead-into-a-stadium-s-parking-areas-each-road-has-four-lanes-two-in
Interestingly, muscle biopsy studies have shown a positive relationship between intramyocellular triglyceride content and whole body insulin resistance.
Obese children may overeat, feel bad about doing so, but then eat again to feel better. This is referred to as binge eating. On the other hand, obese girls and young women often become preoccupied with their weight and may go to the opposite extreme, refusing to eat or eating only very small amounts of food, a condition known as anorexia, or forcing themselves to regurgitate after eating, which is called bulimia. Anorexia and bulimia can be resistant to treatment, and can result in death from starvation.
Obese children are likely to develop a condition in which the growth plate of the tibia (the larger bone in the lower leg) develops abnormally. A second problem frequently seen in obese children is slipped capital femoral epiphysis. In this rare but extremely serious condition, the growth plate of the head of the femur (the single large bone of the upper leg which joins the pelvis bone) becomes detached from the main body of the femur, causing pain and inability to walk. This condition can interfere with the blood supply to the hip, causing severe damage to the hip joint, and can result in permanent disability.
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Children whose BMI exceeds the 95th percentile, as in the above example, are much more likely to be obese, assuming that body fat measurements are also increased.
A long-term regulator of food-seeking behavior was proposed by Dr. Gordon Kennedy in 1953 and is known as the lipostatic theory. Dr. Kennedy suggested that the amount of fat in our bodies is determined by the interaction between the hypothalamus and some factor or substance in equilibrium with stored fat. If true, this would mean that if we accumulate an excessive amount of body fat, then a signal is produced by our fat cells which is transmitted to our brains to inhibit appetite, and the process of acquiring food and eating it ends temporarily. Conversely, as body fat begins to disappear because of food deprivation or excessive energy expenditure, the strength of the signal becomes weaker, and our brains then stimulate us to look for and ingest food. “The classic example is the Traffic Light Diet, which color-codes foods as green, yellow, and red to signal whether they are safe to eat in any quantity (green), require moderation and caution (yellow), or should generally be avoided (red)”.
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